Carbureter.



A. E. STOKER.

GARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 19, 1909.

955 ,222, Patented Apr.. 19, 1910.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT E. STOKER, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN".

CARBURETER.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT E. STOKER, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan,have invented a new and Improved Oarbureter, of which the following is aspecification.

This construction relates to carbureters for explosion engines, and theobject of this invention is to provide a device so construct- .ed thatthe efiective pressure on the liquid fuel in the fuel receptacle remainsconstant, irrespective of the throttle opening, and wherein the flow ofthe fuel from the receptacle is unaffected by the suction within themixing chamber. I attain this object in the construction illustrated inthe accom-- panying drawing, in which Figure 1 is a plan of my improvedcarbureter. Fig. 2 is a vertical central crosssection of the same. Fig.3 is a cross section of theguidc at the lower end of the stem of thefloat.

Similar reference characters refer to like parts throughout the severalviews.

The usual carbureters heretofore constructed employ the suction of theengine to control the flow of the fuel to the mixing chambers. Thisoften results in a waste of fuel because of the imperfect mixturesupplied to the engine under varying conditions of load. The restrictedfuel passages often found in carbureters of this class are liable to bepartially or wholly obstructed by impurities in the liquid fuel,necessitating great skill in the operation of the engine, and often inspite of such skill rendering the operation of the engine uncertain andunsatisfactory.

Where the small fuel passages in carbureters become obstructed, it isusually neccessary to either remove the controlling valves or toentirely dismantle the carbureter.

By practically avoiding any possibility of change of effective pressureon the fuel in its receptacle, and by forming the fuel passages of largediameter, the construction shown in the accompanying drawings isespecially adapted for engines which operate under varying loads.

In the drawings a cylindrical fuel oil receptacle or float chamber 1 hasa remov- Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed February 19, 1909.

Patented Apr. '19, 1910.

Serial No. 478,913.

able top 2 which is bored to receive the sleeve 3. This sleeve carriesin a proper bore in its lower end a perforated disk 4, preferably ofsteel, which forms a knife-edge seat for a conical valve 5 on the upperend of a stem 6. A ring 7 screwed onto the upper end of the sleeve 3holds the sleeve in position, and with it the fuel feed pipe which maybe screwed into the sleeve. As the sleeve is revoluble in the top 2, thechamber may be turned to control the flow of the fuel as hereinafterdescribed, without afiecting the feed pipe.

The lower head 8 is formed with a threaded shoulder 9, with acylindrical bore 10, in which is fitted the k ide 11 for the lower endof the stem 6, ancf with a downwardly extending nozzle 12 which forms aseat for the valve 13. A float 14 is secured to the stem 6 anddetermines the level of the fuel oil in the chamber 1.

The carbureter proper has a globular body or mixing chamber 16 to whicha tubular neck 17 is connected. WVithin this body is a fuel spreader inthe form of a piston 18, guided by the upright guide-bars 19. The pistonis a shell and is formed with an annular upper end into which may bescrewed the sleeve 20. A stem 21 is loosely mounted in this sleeve,being held in position by the collar 22 secured to said stem. The boreof the sleeve is sufficiently large to permit the valve 13 to properlyseat itself at the end of the bore in the nozzle 12. The piston is justcounterbalanced by the spring 23, which rests on the head 24 secured tothe body 16 in any desirable manner and lightly holds the valve 13against its seat. An adjusting screw 25 having a head 26 is threadedthrough this head 24 and may be locked in position by the wing-nut 27. Adisk 28 journaled on the upper end of the screw supports the adjustingspring 29, which spring may be adjusted to bear against the head 30 ofthe piston 18. This spring is intended to operate only when the engineis working with open throttle and the spreader piston moves with greatspeed. \Vhen the engine is running light, the spreader piston will playup and down but short distances and can be easily controlled by thespring 23, but with the throttle wide open, the movement of the pistonbecomes violent and its stroke would be much greater because of thespeed it attains. Just as the top of the piston passes the line ofopening between the guides 19, it contacts with the spring 29 whichchecks its movement and starts it on its return. The spring 23 thencompletes the return. 7

An air valve 32, on the transverse shaft 33, may be properly adjusted bythe lever 34 on the shaft or by any other desirable means. The operationof this carbureter is as follows.

A pipe or other connection for liquid fuel is secured into the sleeve 3.When a sufficient amount of fuel has entered the float chamber 1, thefloat will raise the valve 5 to shut off the supply. The fuel may alwaysflow through the holes 35 into the bore of the guide 11 and into thebore of the nozzle 12.

The valve 13 prevents the fuel from flowing down until the valve 32 andthe intake port of the engine are opened. When this occurs a suction inthe body 16 causes the piston 18 to move down against the pressure ofthe spring 23, and with the piston, the valve 13 to move from its seat.This permits the liquid fuel to flow from the nozzle 12, which fuelfalling on the tapering valve 13 and the inclined head 30 of the pistonwhich acts as a spreader, is spread out into a thin sheet andimmediately vaporized by the air which rushes in through the openings 36in the cylindrical flange 37 that connects the float chamber 1 and thebody 16.

The amount of air is regulated by the valve 32 and it passes downbetween the guides 19 and. around the piston and throu h between thesprings. The position of tie valve 13 with reference to the piston 18 iscontrolled by the sleeve 20, which is adjusted at the factory. Then fuelhas been drawn from the receptacle by lowering the valve 13, the floatwill drop, permitting fuel to flow into the receptacle.

The body of the mixing chamber and the guides 19 are bored to permitfree movement of the piston 18. The upper edges of the spaces betweenthe guides are in a line which is the lower line of a bore 15 in theupper'part of the mixing chamber. The distance the piston travels upinto this bore is determined by the distance the lower end of the nozzle12 is from the lower edge of the bore, and this distance may be variedby adjusting the float chamber up or down.

Under a given throttle opening, the piston will always move practicallythe same distance down out of the bore 15. Therefore, when the floatchamber is high, and the piston travels some distance before it passesdown out of the bore, the valve 13 will move a greater distance from itsseat than when the float chamber is low. The

height of the float chamber will therefore have a controlling influenceon the feed.

For open throttle, the rush of air through the openings 36, and down thebore 15 and between the guides 19 will pull down the piston a greaterdistance than with partially closed throttle, or until it is stopped andreturned by the spring 29, the result being that the valve 13 will beoff its seat a greater distance and longer time. By having this spring29 adjustable, the operation of the piston and of the valve 13 can befully controlled.

Having now explained my improvements, what I claim as my invention anddesire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In a carbureter, thecombination of a mixing chamber having a circular bore to admit air andan outlet passage, a piston valve adapted to close said bore, acoilspring to carry the weight of said valve, and an adjustable springto regulate the travel of the valve.

2. In a carbureter, the combination of a mixing chamber having acylindrical flange provided with air inlets, a fuel receptacle centrallyand adjustably mounted above said mixing chamber and having a centralopening in its bottom surrounded by a valve seat, a piston in saidmixing chamber, a conical valve mounted on said piston to engage thevalve seat on the fuel receptacle and control the flow of fueltherefrom, and a spring to hold said valve against the seat, said mixingghalmber having an outlet for the vaporized 3. Ina carbureter, thecombination of a spherical mixing chamber having a circular bore throughits upper wall, upright guides extending across said chamber and havingtheir ends united therewith, a piston ada ted to close said bore andmovably mounte between said guides, an adjustable sleeve centrallymounted in said piston, a conical valve swiveled in said sleeve, saidchamber having a cylindrical flange provided with inlet openings andprojecting upward concentric with said piston, a fuel receptacle mountedabove the flange, and having a fuel discharge opening in its bottomadapted to be closed by said conical valve, said mixing chamber havingan outlet connection communicating with the space around said uprightguides, and a throttle valve mounted in said connection.

4. In a carbureter, the combination of a mixing chamber having acircular bore to admit air and an outlet passage, an upwardly extendingcylindrlcal flange surrounding the circular bore and a float chamberadjustably mounted on the flange and having a fuel discharge opening, apiston valve adapted to close the fuel discharge opening and thecircular bore of the mixing chamber, a coil-spring to the Weight of saidvalve and an adjusta 1e spring to regulate the travel of the Valve, saidcylindrical flange having inlets wherethrough air may enter to pass tothe circular bore in the mixing chamber.

In testimony whereof, I have signed this specification in the presenceof two sub scrlblng wltnesses.

ALBERT E. STOKER.

Witnesses:

ELIZABETH M. BROWN, 1 EDWARD N. PAGELSEN.

